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Subjective and Objective Measurements of Speech Loudness in Hands-Free Telephony—Toward an Extended Loudness Model for Telephonometry

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The loudness rating technique is widely used in telephony. This technique shows some limitations with the recent advances in telecommunications. This paper proposes a new alternative for the loudness rating technique using an extension of Zwicker’s loudness model. We first investigated the loudness of speech transmitted via a telephone system and the ability of Zwicker’s model to predict the perceived loudness. The model predicts the main trends observed in perceptual data. However, a bias exists between the prediction and the measure that depends on sound pressure level. Based on our perceptual data and on recent studies, we proposed a modification of the model at the specific loudness calculation stage. This modification brought a significant improvement on the predictions.

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