Second, third, and fourth-order active crossovers employing state-variable circuitry were studied as to their overload characteristics. Of particular concern, was the influence of low-pass peak overloads on the high-pass output since this mimics the real-world application situation. Sine wave, SMPTE IM, and pink noise sources were all used to stimulate overload conditions. It was found that while sine wave testing showed the theoretical possibilities, IM, and pink noise test tones demonstrated that the phenomena was small enough to have no significance. It was found that the high-pass output displayed the overloaded low-pass condition in a manner similar to being driven from an overloaded source, and that it was attenuated approximately by the order of the filter. A comparison between overloaded Sallen-Key and state-variable crossovers is included.
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