This paper provides an overview of the current knowledge of the problems of spatial impression, envelopment, and localization in enclosed spaces. The emphasis will be on small spaces, but the approach draws heavily on concert acoustic studies. The literature on this subject has been contradictory and controversial. In the last few years a consensus has been developing that envelopment is primarily determined by lateral reflected energy arriving at least 80 ms after the direct sound. Localization is traditionally linked to the apparent source width (ASW), which has been associated with the interaural correlation (IACC) of the first 80 ms of the impulse response of a space. Although ASW and IACC may be useful in concert hall measurement, they do not work well in small spaces. This paper will present two new measures: the diffuse field transfer function (DFT) and the average interaural time delay (AITD). The DFT is a measure of envelopment, and is useful both in small and large rooms. The AITD is a measure for -externalization,- a sonic property unique to small rooms. A closely related measure, the net interaural time delay (NITD), is useful in understanding localization in small spaces.
Author:
Griesinger, David
Affiliation:
Lexicon, Bedford, MA
AES Conference:
15th International Conference: Audio, Acoustics & Small Spaces (October 1998)
Paper Number:
15-013
Publication Date:
October 1, 1998
Subject:
Audio, Acoustics & Small Spaces
Click to purchase paper as a non-member or you can login as an AES member to see more options.
No AES members have commented on this paper yet.
To be notified of new comments on this paper you can subscribe to this RSS feed. Forum users should login to see additional options.
If you are not yet an AES member and have something important to say about this paper then we urge you to join the AES today and make your voice heard. You can join online today by clicking here.