The significance of torso representation in a head-related transfer function (HRTF) is studied in this work. The Kemar HATS head position is modified in forward-backward and up-down directions according to the actual distribution of the human head location relative to the torso, and these are compared to the absence of torso to understand the audibility of the torso in the HRTF for different head positions. The spectral difference due to the absence of torso can exceed 1 dB in all sound arrival azimuth directions while the spectral difference decreases with increasing source elevation. The forward-backward head location has the strongest influence in the HRTF change. The importance of various areas on the torso reflecting sound is studied. A subjective listening test with personal HRTF demonstrates that the absence of torso is audible as sound colour and source location changes.

Authors: Johansson, Jaan; Malinen, Matti; Mäkivirta, Aki
Affiliation: Kuava Oy, Kuava oy, Genelec
AES Conference: AES 2024 International Audio for Games Conference (April 2024)
Paper Number: 20
Publication Date: April 27, 2024
Subject: HRTF game audio binaural audio torso binaural rendering

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